Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable power to protect delicate skin. This gentle element has long been employed in a range of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Creating a physical shield on the skin's top layer, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful UV rays